parcomurgia

The Neolithic village

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The Neolithic village
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THE NEOLITHIC VILLAGE

In the stone age (between 7000 and 3700 THE NEOLITHIC VILLAGE) l’area materana fu interessata dai primi e numerosi insediamenti umani stabili, organizzati sotto forma di villaggi dotati di mura e trincee di difesa, huts, was for food, furnaces and tanks.

Neolithic villages are, located on the plateau murgico, inhabited by those we can define the first farmers of Italy, cioè popolazioni che praticavano l’agricoltura, l’allevamento, la levigatura delle asce in pietra e la fabbricazione della ceramica.
Costeggiando il muretto a secco che cinge il Parco Radogna lungo il lato occidentale, is reached after about 200 m, l’interessante insediamento neolitico di Murgia Timone, the first of the villages discovered by the archaeologist Matera Domenico Ridola.
The village is fortified by a moat-shaped 8 scavato nella roccia calcarenitica ed è quindi diviso in due settori: a more Eastern 'small and round and a more Western' large and oval.
The moat is now largely covered by debris accumulated over thousands of years, except in the areas studied in the various archaeological digs that have occurred in 900.
Seeing these traits found in the moat can detect trends in the shape of 8.
The total perimeter is 664 meters and encloses an area of over 20.000 square meters.
Nel settore orientale la superficie rocciosa liberata dallo strato di terreno mostra buche di pali di sostegno delle capanne, e buche di maggiori dimensioni utilizzate come deposito di sostanze alimentari, sepolture , and what he called the Ridola lunette, a special device that allowed the entry of the ditch in the eastern sector of the village.
Inside the moat were found, numerous exhibits, mostly pottery graffiti, with different geometric, narrowband and painted red or brown.
Were also found fragments of vases painted graffiti inside and outside, other bearing stylized human faces;
finally stone tools made of flint and obsidian, as blades, grattatoi and punteruoli, three polished stone axes – and bone spatulas.
In the same area during the Bronze Age, with the village now in disuse, furono scavati tre underground burial (tomb Grotticella).
In particular in the largest tomb near the western entrance of the village, two concentric circles of stones are crossed by a corridor leading straight hypogeum Central. The shape of this enigmatic mausoleum certainly linked to solemn ritual prehistoric, still prominent archaeologists and scholars continue to question.

Un altro insediamento neolitico cinto da fossato si trova nella vicina contrada di Murgecchia.
It also consists of two defensive ditches, pressocchè concentrici, l’interno completo l’esterno incompiuto e mostra dentro l’area delimitata dal fossato interno le testimonianza delle antiche capanne neolitiche.
Questi villaggi si inseriscono nel più ampio fenomeno del popolamento del Materano che nel Neolitico raggiunge il momento di massimo sviluppo.
Murgia offered, in fact, condizioni assai vantaggiose per le popolazioni preistoriche: easy plateau pastures, terreni fertili da destinare all’agricoltura nelle zone pianeggianti a ridosso dei corsi d’acqua, vaste zone boschive sulle basse colline.